Geographic stomatitis: An enigmatic condition with multiple clinical presentations.

Geographic stomatitis is an uncommon inflammatory condition of unknown etiology. It is characterized by reddish areas surrounded by white borders affecting any location in the oral cavity and presenting a migratory and cyclic pattern. The most common affected sites include buccal mucosa, labial mucosa and mucobuccal fold. Some patients can complain of pain or burning sensation. There are few reports in the literature about this entity and its relationship with other oral and cutaneous conditions such as fissured tongue, Reiter's syndrome, atopy and psoriasis has been suggested but it is still controversial. In the present study we describe three cases of geographic stomatitis associated with fissured tongue. Lesions involved the buccal mucosa, labial mucosa, soft palate and mucobuccal fold and all cases were diagnosed based on their clinical features. All patients were oriented about the innocuous behavior of the condition and were advised to avoid exposure of the lesions to irritation factors. The three presented cases highlighted the importance of a detailed oral mucosal examination by clinicians and provided further information about the natural history and clinical presentation of geographic stomatitis. Key words:Geographic stomatitis, geographic mucositis, geographic tongue.

Fraturas coronárias com exposição pulpar: levantamento epidemiológico em um período de 8 anos / Coronal fractures with pulp exposure: epidemiological survey in an 8-year period

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a frequência, a distribuição clínico-demográfica e a resposta ao tratamento das fraturas coronárias com exposição pulpar diagnosticadas em um ambulatório de trauma dentoalveolar em um período de 8 anos. As informações demográficas, clínicas, radiográficas e de tratamento foram obtidas dos prontuários dos pacientes. No período, 996 pacientes foram atendidos no ambulatório e 120 (12%) apresentaram fraturas coronárias com exposição pulpar. No total, 154 dentes foram diagnosticados com fraturas coronárias com exposição pulpar, incluindo principalmente os incisivos centrais superiores (70%). As causas mais comuns do trauma foram as quedas da própria altura (21%) e os acidentes automobilísticos (15,5%). O tratamento realizado mostrou ótimo resultado, reforçando o bom prognóstico dos dentes tratados adequadamente.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the frequency, clinical and demographic distribution and response to treatment of the coronal fractures with pulp exposure diagnosed in a clinic for treatment of dentoalveolar trauma in an 8-year period. Demographic, clinical, radiological and treatment informatoin were obtained from the patients files. In the period, 996 patients attended the clinic and 120 (12%) presented with coronary fractures with pulp exposure. A total of 154 teeth were diagnosed with coronary fractures with pulp exposure, including mostly upper central incisors (70%). The most common causes for the fractures were falls (21%) and car/motorcycle accidents (15,5%). Treatment driven for the studied cases showed excellent results, reinforcing the overall good prognosis of the properly treated teeth.

Lesões não cariosas: o desafio do diagnóstico multidisciplinar / Not carious lesions: the challenge of the multidisciplinary diagnosis

INTRODUÇÃO: A perda da superfície dos dentes ou lesão não cariosa, é um processo fisiológico que ocorre com o decorrer do envelhecimento, mas pode ser considerado patológico quando o grau de destruição cria problemas funcionais, estéticos ou de sensibilidade dentária. Diversos fatores podem contribuir em parte, mas não necessariamente simultânea ou igualmente como causa das lesões não cariosas. Apesar dos casos de desgaste (atrição, abrasão, erosão, abfração) ser comumente discutidos como alterações independentes, na maioria das vezes a perda da superfície dos dentes é resultado de uma combinação de fatores. Um dos grandes desafios é identificar ou quantificar a influência de fatores como o consumo excessivo e abusivo de drogas e substâncias ácidas, fatores ambientais e agentes etiológicos intrínsecos como o refluxo gastresofágico. O tratamento imediato deve ser direcionado para a resolução da sensibilidade e da dor, entretanto, a investigação da causa é primordial. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste trabalho é, através de uma revisão da literatura, auxiliar as diversas especialidades médicas a identificar corretamente os fatores etiológicos das lesões não cariosas.

INTRODUCTION: The loss of the teeth surface or not carious lesion, is a physiological process that occur during the aging, but can be considered as pathological when the degree of destruction creates functional problems, aesthetic or dental sensibility. Many factors can contribute in part, but not necessarily simultaneously or equally as the cause of the not carious lesions. Although the cases of attrition (attrition, abrasion, corrosion and abfraction) are commonly discussed as independent alterations, in most of the times the loss of the teeth surface is the result of a combination of factors. One of the greatest challenges is to identify or quantify the influence of factors like the excessive consumption and abusive of drugs and acid substances, environmental factors and intrinsic etiologic agents such as gastro esophageal reflux. The immediate treatment must be directed for the resolution of sensibility and from pain; however, the investigation of the cause is essential. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work is, through the literature review; help the many medical specialties to identify correctly the etiologic factors of not carious lesions.